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In the shadow of Berat: The battle for survival of the municipalities of Dimal and Poliçan

Kristaq Tumani, a retired former teacher from Dimali, is spending this summer worrying about what will happen to his community if the municipality merges with Berat.
"Like every citizen of Dimal, I have followed the project for the merger of the Dimal Municipality with great concern," Tumani told BIRN.
The proposal submitted by the Socialist Party to the Assembly at the end of July envisages reducing the number of municipalities in the country from 61 to 46. Among the 15 municipalities proposed for merger are Dimali and Poliçani, which could join the Municipality of Berat.
The proposal is still in the consultation phase and the final decision rests with the Assembly, but the mere possibility of changing the map has been enough to spark opposition in both municipalities of Berat County. In early August, dozens of residents, including the elderly, women and children, protested against the proposal with banners reading “Don’t touch Dimal”.
Tumani believes that the loss of the municipality would be directly felt in the lives of residents, especially in villages located far from urban centers.
"This merger would remove services, increase the costs of obtaining basic services, paralyze city life and consequently lead to the depopulation of the area," he argues,
The former teacher counts the approximately 38 villages and four administrative units of the Dimal municipality as one more reason for decision-making to stay close to the community.
"The Dimal municipality has its own unique history, it has a high population, it has high economic potential," he claimed.
An identity beyond the map
In Dimal, opposition to unification with Berat is built on two pillars that are repeated in the reactions this summer: The identity of the area and the claim that the municipality has the economic capacity to function independently.
Vilson Shehu, leader of the organization "The Youth of Ura" and one of the voices of civil society in the area, had articulated the importance of this identity even before the debate about the new territorial map reached Dimal.
“Dimal Municipality is not a transitional municipality, but a municipality that has a past, present and future,” says Shehu.
Along the same lines, the mayor of Dimal, Juliana Memaj, evoked the ancient history of the area to oppose the socialist proposal for merger.
“Dimali has existed since the 5th century BC. At that site, in the beautiful hills of Cukalati, around the 2nd century BC life, agriculture and trade were thriving,” Memaj wrote on August 1.
The municipality was renamed Dimal in 2021, replacing the name Ura Vajgurore, after a long consultation process. But the historical argument is only part of the argument.
Drejtuesit vendorë i janë kthyer shifrave për të argumentuar se bashkia nuk duhet të konsiderohet një njësi që nuk mund të qëndrojë financiarisht më vete.
Ekonomia lokale mbështetet fort te bujqësia dhe tregtia. Sipas të dhënave të paraqitura nga Bashkia Dimal, eksportet bujqësore arrijnë në rreth 50 milionë euro në vit, ndërsa në territor operojnë biznese që lidhen me bujqësinë, përpunimin dhe sektorë të tjerë të ekonomisë.
Në këtë debat, një prej argumenteve të reformës se bashkimi me një njësi më të madhe mund të rrisë kapacitetet financiare dhe investuese është kthyer në pikën kryesore të përplasjes.
“Shkrirja nuk do të sjellë për Dimalin kapacitet të shtuar investues, e kundërta mund të ndodhë në kushtet kur vendimmarrja shkëputet nga njësia që shkrihet drejt njësisë ankoruese,” argumentoi më parë kryebashkiakja.
Kundërshtimi qytetar mori më pas edhe formë institucionale.
Më 10 gusht, Këshilli Bashkiak i Dimalit diskutoi propozimin për bashkimin me Beratin dhe nga 21 këshilltarët pjesëmarrës, 20 votuan kundër.
Në mbledhje u diskutuan edhe treguesit financiarë. Sipas të dhënave të paraqitura nga përfaqësuesit vendorë, gjatë dhjetë viteve të fundit Dimali kishte realizuar mesatarisht 38% të investimeve me buxhetin e vet, kundrejt 7% të raportuar për Beratin.
Këshilltarët i përdorën këto të dhëna për të kundërshtuar argumentin se bashkimi me Beratin do t’i sillte automatikisht Dimalit kapacitete më të mëdha investuese.
Poliçani në protestë
Në anën tjetër të qarkut, qyteti i Poliçanit me një histori krejt të ndryshme po kundërshton gjithashtu projektin për shkrirjen me Beratin.
Fundi i gushtit sjell çdo vit më shumë lëvizje në zonën e Poliçanit. Ditët e pelegrinazhit në malin e Tomorrit mbushin rrugët e zonës me besimtarë dhe vizitorë, por këtë verë, mes banorëve të Poliçanit një tjetër çështje ka konkurruar me ritmin e pelegrinazhit: mundësia që qyteti i tyre të mos ketë më bashkinë e vet.
Në fund të korrikut, banorë të Poliçanit protestuan kundër propozimit, ndërsa disa pjesëmarrës dogjën publikisht teserat e Partisë Socialiste. Organizatorët këmbëngulën se kundërshtimi nuk ishte protesta e një partie apo individi, por reagimi i një komuniteti që kërkonte të ruante institucionet dhe identitetin e qytetit.
Gjatë gushtit, protesta u pasua nga dëgjesat publike. Në një prej tyre, një qytetare e pranishme e cilësoi projektin si “shfarosës dhe denigrues”, duke ngritur shqetësimin se largimi i shërbimeve mund të thellojë varfërimin dhe shpopullimin.
Gjuha e fortë e përdorur në dëgjesë është pjesë e një kundërshtimi që në Poliçan ushqehet edhe nga historia e veçantë e qytetit.
Nëse Dimali e kërkon identitetin e tij deri në antikitet, Poliçani e gjen një pjesë të identitetit në një histori shumë më të afërt: industrinë ushtarake. Qyteti u zhvillua gjatë periudhës komuniste rreth Uzinës Mekanike dhe prodhimit ushtarak, që për dekada siguruan vende pune dhe përcaktuan ritmin ekonomik të zonës.
After the 1990s, the decline of industry and emigration changed the city, but the memory of the factory continues to be present in the arguments of those who oppose unification with Berat.
In Poliçan, as in Dimal, the opposition moved from citizens to the local institution.
After public hearings, a commission set up by the Municipal Council prepared a report with the community's views. On August 21, the Municipal Council met in extraordinary session to discuss the proposal. All 15 members voted against the merger of the Municipality of Poliçan and the unification with Berat.
The councilors also warned that they would resign if the Assembly approves the merger.
The Municipal Councils do not have the authority to determine the final map of the country and their votes do not stop the parliamentary process. But they formalize an opposition that until early August was expressed mainly through protests and public reactions./ Reporter.al
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